如何使數控機床實現自動化上下料

機床上下料的自動化實現方式主要有桁架機械手和關節機器人這兩種方式。之前看的比較多的是桁架機械手，有人說自動上下料難點在于工位的布置，也就是產線的規劃問題，很多公司要求緊湊化生產，最常見的是U字型和圓盤式循環型。車間不夠大，毛坯流進，成品流出的管理和搬運都是比較費空間的。

The automation of machine tool loading and unloading is mainly implemented by truss robot and joint robot. Before looking at more is the truss robot, some people say that the difficulty of automatic loading and unloading is the layout of the station, that is, the planning of the production line, many companies require compact production, the most common is The U-shaped and disc-type cycle type. Workshop is not big enough, rough flow into, finished product outflow management and handling are more expensive space.

關節機器人，用于機械加工機床上下料的關節機器人采用的軸數一般為6軸，重復定位精度為±0.06mm，常用的負載重量在10-50kg。機床上下料機器人一般分為一對一、一對二、一對三，如果想要一臺關節機器人對多臺機床上下料，需要加上地面軌道，可實現一臺關節機器人對多臺機床自動上下料。

Joint robot, for machining machine tool loading and unloading joint robot using the number of shafts is generally 6 axes, repeated positioning accuracy of .06mm, commonly used load weight of 10-50kg. Machine tool loading robot is generally divided into one-to-one, one-to-two, one-to-three, if you want a joint robot to more than one machine tool up and down, need to add the ground track, can achieve a joint robot to multiple machine tools automatically up and down.

關節機器人的優點，關節機器人最大的優點就是靈活性強，不受機床結構的限制，能適用很多機床。可應用的范圍廣泛，除了用在機床上下料，關節機器人還可應用于打磨、拋光、焊接、裝配、搬運碼垛等領域。

The advantages of joint robot, the biggest advantage of joint robot is strong flexibility, not limited by the structure of the machine tool, can be applied to many machine tools. A wide range of applications, in addition to the machine tools used in the material, joint robots can also be used in grinding, polishing, welding, assembly, handling palletizing and other fields.

關節機器人的缺點，相對于桁架機械手而言，關節機器人占用的場地空間較大，它的臂展工作范圍有限，一臺機器想要工作范圍加大的話必須加裝它的行走軸，所以關節機器人的價格較高。

The shortcomings of joint robot, relative to the truss robot, the joint robot occupies a larger space, its arm extension working range is limited, a machine wants to increase the range of work must be added to its walking shaft, so the joint robot price is higher.

本文關鍵詞：機械手 自動上下料

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